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Item Migration & remittances: impact on financial behavior of families left behind in Sri Lanka(Institute of Policy Studies, Sri Lanka, 2019-07) Weeraratne, BileshaThe study investigates the impact of migration and remittances on the financial behaviour of left behind family members in Sri Lanka, using data from the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2016. The analysis includes propensity score matching estimates and a three stage least squares estimates to examine the impact of having a migrant in the household or receiving remittances on the saving and borrowing behaviour of the left behind family members. A holistic view of the empirical findings of the study show that migration and remittances promote savings in left behind households, and the broader picture of debt repayment, indebtedness and loan income hints that migration and remittances make left behind family less likely to borrow, less likely to be indebted, and the more likely to be repaying debt. Such ongoing debt repayment is more likely to be associated with debt that was taken before migration (either to cover cost of migration or for some other reason unrelated to migration). This empirical evidence on capacity of migration and remittances to improve savings and reduce unproductive borrowing is found on the basis of the status quo in Sri Lanka - where minimal guidance is provided to left behind households on financial management. As such, exposure to appropriate interventions would enhance the capacity of migration and remittances to uplift the financial behaviour and related outcomes for left behind households. Such positive effects would have multiplier effects on all migration and remittances related outcomes at the household level and beyond.Item Understanding student migration from Sri Lanka(Institute of Policy Studies, Sri Lanka, 2022-02) Weeraratne, Bilesha; Weerasekara, Harini; Bandara, ThiliniItem Re-defining urban areas in Sri Lanka(Institute of Policy Studies, Sri Lanka, 2016-06) Weeraratne, BileshaThe existing urban population estimate in Sri Lanka fails to reflect the true level of urbanization due to the inappropriate definition adopted. This paper develops an alternative definition for urban areas in Sri Lanka to reconcile the mismatch between actual and existing estimates, by reviewing definitions adopted in other countries and analyzing perceptions of Key Informants. The author defines a Grama Sevaka division as urban if it has a minimum population of 750 persons, a population density greater than 500 persons per km2 , firewood dependence of less than 95 percent of households, and well water dependence of less than 95 percent of households. Using data from the Land Use Policy Planning Department and Department of Census and Statistics, the author estimates that 43.8 percent of Sri Lankan population live in urban areas The paper makes an important contribution to Sri Lanka's policy and legislative arena to revise the existing definition of urbanization.Item Cost of low-skilled migration to Saudi Arabia, South Korea and Malaysia: value chain analysis-Sri Lanka(Institute of Policy Studies, Sri Lanka, 2018-02) Weeraratne, Bilesha; Wijayasiri, Janaka; Jayaratne, SuwendraniItem Return and reintegration without assimilation: South Asian migrant workers in the gulf during COVID-19(Institute of South Asian Studies, 2020-06) Weeraratne, BileshaTemporary labour migration and related remittances are integral components of the South Asian economies. A significant portion of labour migrants from this region head to the Gulf countries. Nevertheless, migrant workers to the Gulf are barred from formally integrating into the socio-economic context in their country of destination. In this context, using the case of the Kuwait Amnesty and other examples during COVID-19 pademic, this paper reflects on the disproportionate division of responsibilities between the South Asian and Gulf countries in terms of the assimilation, return and reintegration of migrant workers, in an attempt to improve the well-being of migrant workers through the frameworks of the Sustainable Development Goals and the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration.Item Sri Lankan female domestic workers in the middle East(Institute of Policy Studies, Sri Lanka, 2014-09) Weeraratne, BileshaItem Labour migration in South Asia lessons from covid 19(2020) Weeraratne, BileshaItem Sri Lankan migrant abroad: results from a rapid online survey during the spread of COVID 19(Institute of Policy Studies, Sri Lanka, 2020) Weeraratne, BileshaItem Labour standards and international trade: the case of EU GSP concessions to Sri Lanka(Institute of Policy Studies, Sri Lanka, 2005-07) Weeraratne, BileshaItem Regulating sub agents for better migration from Sri Lanka(Institute of Policy Studies, Sri Lanka, 2018-09) Weeraratne, Bilesha